if语句后面可以是一个可选的else语句,当布尔表达式为false时执行这个可选的else语句。
Go编程语言中if…else语句的语法是
if(boolean_expression) { /* statement(s) will execute if the boolean expression is true */ } else { /* statement(s) will execute if the boolean expression is false */ }
如果布尔表达式的计算结果为true,则将执行if代码块,否则将执行 else 代码块。
package main import "fmt" func main() { /* local variable definition */ var a int = 100; /* check the boolean condition */ if( a < 20 ) { /* if condition is true then print the following */ fmt.Printf("a is less than 20\n" ); } else { /* if condition is false then print the following */ fmt.Printf("a is not less than 20\n" ); } fmt.Printf("value of a is : %d\n", a); }
当上述代码被编译和执行时,它产生以下结果
a is not less than 20; value of a is : 100
if语句后面可以跟一个可选的else if ... else语句,这对于使用单个 if ... else if语句测试各种条件非常有用。
当使用if,else if,else语句有几点要记住:
一个if语句可以有零或一个else语句,但是它必须在else if语句之后。
一个if语句可以有零个或许多else if,并且它们必须在else语句之前。
当有一个else if测试匹配成功,剩余的任何else if或else语句都不会测试。
Go编程语言中的if ... else if ... else语句的语法是:
if(boolean_expression 1) { /* Executes when the boolean expression 1 is true */ } else if( boolean_expression 2) { /* Executes when the boolean expression 2 is true */ } else if( boolean_expression 3) { /* Executes when the boolean expression 3 is true */ } else { /* executes when the none of the above condition is true */ }
package main import "fmt" func main() { /* local variable definition */ var a int = 100 /* check the boolean condition */ if( a == 10 ) { /* if condition is true then print the following */ fmt.Printf("Value of a is 10\n" ) } else if( a == 20 ) { /* if else if condition is true */ fmt.Printf("Value of a is 20\n" ) } else if( a == 30 ) { /* if else if condition is true */ fmt.Printf("Value of a is 30\n" ) } else { /* if none of the conditions is true */ fmt.Printf("None of the values is matching\n" ) } fmt.Printf("Exact value of a is: %d\n", a ) }
当上述代码被编译和执行时,它产生以下结果:
None of the values is matching Exact value of a is: 100